Background and Unmet Need The US Congressional Water Authority reports that nitrogen is the main pollutant in rivers and streams, posing a significant threat to aquatic ecosystems and water quality nationwide. Although federal law currently does not limit nitrogen discharge from wastewater, 24 states have proactively implemented regulations to control nutrient levels and to […]
Environmental
Techniques to estimate or detect oil spills in open water may be divided into two categories: remote measurement or contact-based measurements. Current remote measurement techniques comprise visual methods that include estimation depending upon the color of the oil from aerial vehicles or satellites. Such a method only estimates thickness measurements; is greatly influenced by lighting […]
Background and Unmet Need Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl (PFAS), also known as ‘Forever Chemicals,’ this class of chemicals has been a growing contaminant of concern throughout the last decade. PFAS present a significant human health risk, including an increased risk of cancer and reproductive defects. Because these chemicals are extremely hydrophobic and do not naturally break […]
Background and Unmet Need Legacy and insensitive high explosives (IHEs), such as 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TN)T, are commonly found in soil at Department of Defense (DoD) testing and training ranges. These ranges maintain very high concentrations of DNAN, which poses a substantial safety concern for personnel as DNAN has been found to possess significant […]
Background and Unmet Need For nearly 100 years, quaternary ammonium cations (QACs) have been the standard antimicrobial agents in the disinfectant market. Within this class of disinfectants, Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) is the most commercially visible product. After decades of dependence on QACs, the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains of bacteria such as A. baumannii and P. […]